THE IMPACT OF COAL MINING ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE COMMUNITY IN SANGATTA, EAST KUTAI REGENCY
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the impact of coal mining on the social, economic, and environmental conditions of communities in Sangatta District, East Kutai Regency. Mining, as one of the key sectors driving regional economic development, also brings about various issues related to social change, economic inequality, and environmental degradation. The research method employed is a survey with a quantitative approach, namely the collection of measurable numerical data that can be statistically analyzed through questionnaires. The study involved 30 respondents determined by purposive sampling, that is, deliberate selection based on specific criteria namely, residents living around the mining area who are considered to be most affected. The results show that 66.67% of respondents were in the age range of 19-31 years, with the majority stating that they benefited economically from increased job opportunities (76.67%), followed by improvements in local businesses (13.33%) and infrastructure development (6.67%). In terms of social aspects, most respondents (46.67%) assessed that the level of crime or social problems remained the same, although 6.67% perceived an increase. Meanwhile, from the perspective of regional economy, 70% of respondents noted a significant rise in land and property prices, ranging from 50-100% or even higher. The environmental impacts reported by the community include air pollution, land degradation, and disruption of water resources. This indicates that although mining provides economic contributions to most residents, there are also consequences in the form of social inequality and environmental pressures. Therefore, more sustainable mining management is needed, taking into account the balance between economic benefits, social stability, and environmental sustainability.
Downloads
References
Chen, Y., & Zhang, H. (2023). Mining Activities and Real Estate Market Dynamics: A Supply-Demand Perspective. Journal of Housing Economics, 59, 101978.
Darmawan, Arif, Wicaksono, Agung, & Muttaqin, Muhammad Zaenal. (2021). Environmental Impacts of Coal Mining in Indonesia: A Review. Journal of Environmental Management, 290, 112699.
Febrianto, A., Dewi, R. G., & Putra, A. S. (2021). Dampak Sosial Pertambangan Batubara di Kutai Kartanegara. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan. 19(2). 245-260.
Fine Ennandrianita. (2014). Politik Hukum Pertambangan Mineral Dan Batubara Saat Berlaku Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014
Fitriyanti, R. (2016). Pertambangan Batubara: Dampak Lingkungan, Sosial Dan Ekonomi. Jurnal Redoks, 1(1).
Fitriani, N. (2020). Hubungan tingkat pendidikan dengan kesadaran ekologis masyarakat di sekitar kawasan tambang. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pembangunan, 7(1), 45–57.
Global Forest Watch. (2023). Deforestation rates in East Kalimantan, Indonesia (2001–2023).
Hafiz, A. (2016). Dampak Izin Pertambangan Batubara Bagi Lingkungan Masyarakat Kelurahan Sempaja Timur Kecamatan Samarinda Utara. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Vol, 4, 2477-2458.
Hakim 1. (2014). Dampak Kebijakan Pertambangan bagi Masyarakat Bengkuring Kelurahan Sempaja Selatan Kecamatan Samarinda Utara.
Hapsari, R. (2021). Gender dan partisipasi perempuan dalam penelitian sosial ekonomi. Jurnal Gender dan Pembangunan, 6(1), 33–42.
Hartono, D., Wahyudi, E., & Sari, N. (2022). Dampak Lingkungan Aktivitas Pertambangan Batubara di Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Ekologi dan Pembangunan.10(1). 78-92.
Jimmy, N., Merang, K.R.I. (2020). Dampak Pertambangan Batubara Dalam Kehidupan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat di Desa Apung Kecamatan Tanjung Selor Kabupaten Bulungan. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara (JUAN). 8(2). 111-121.
KLHK. (2023). Laporan Status Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia 2023: Dampak Pertambangan pada Daerah Aliran Sungai. Jakarta: Kementerian LHK.
Kurniawan, B., Setiawan, I., & Pratama, Y. (2021). Analisis Ekonomi Pertambangan Batubara di Indonesia. Jurnal Kebijakan Publik. 15(3). 112-125.
Kurniawan, H., et al. (2022). Dinamika Budaya Lokal dalam Pusaran Industri Ekstraktif: Kasus Sangatta, Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya, 24(1), 78-95.
Lathif, N. (2017). Tinjauan Yuridis Tentang Kewenangan Pemerintah Provinsi Dalam Penerbitan Izin Usaha Pertambangan Batubara, 2(2), 149-166.
Mursyidin, & Warnida, H. (2016). Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Dampak Kesehatan Dari Aktivitas Penambangan Batubara Di Kampung Tasuk Kabupaten Berau. Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung, 2(2), 120-131.
Novendra, M.D., Leaawengan, L., Kondowangko, N. (2021). Dampak Pertambangan, Emas Bagi Kehidupan Ekonomi Masyarakat Bolaang Mongondow Timur di Kotabunan Kecamatan Kotabunan Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Timur. Jurnal Ilmiah Society. 1(1). 1-7
Nurhaliza, S., & Siregar, R (2023). Urbanisasi dan Dampaknya pada Masyarakat Sekitar Tambang Batubara. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi. 21(1). 45-60.
Pradana, Y. (2022). Dampak aktivitas pertambangan terhadap pertumbuhan UMKM di wilayah sekitar tambang. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Daerah, 10(3), 221–233.
Prasetyo, A. B., & Wijaya, C. D. (2022). "Polarisasi Pola Komunikasi di Era Digital: Studi Kasus Wilayah Pertambangan Kalimantan Timur". Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 15(2), 45-62.
Putra, A. (2021). Adaptasi sosial ekonomi masyarakat di kawasan pertambangan. Jurnal Pembangunan Wilayah dan Kota, 17(2), 77–89.
Satria, M. A., Syam, S., Syahrir, M. S., & Umar, F. (2023). Penyuluhan Kesehatan Mental dan Perilaku pada Mahasiswa Terdampak Bencana. Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains, 6(9), 4085.
Sen, Amartya, & Dreze, Jean. (2020). Pembangunan Sosial Ekonomi: Teori dan Aplikasi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Setiawan, B., & Wulandari, D. (2019). Peran pendidikan lingkungan dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pembangunan berkelanjutan. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 4(2), 115–126.
Siahaan, R., & Yulianto, A. (2022). Konflik Agraria dan Lingkungan di Kawasan Pertambangan Batubara Sangatta: Perspektif Masyarakat Lokal. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 26(1), 45-60.
Singh, R., & Patel, N. (2021). Economic Benefits and Inequality in Mining Regions: A Distributional Analysis. Resources Policy, 70, 101967.
Siregar, D., & Prasetyo, R. (2023). Kehilangan tutupan hutan primer akibat pertambangan batubara di Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Hutan Tropis Indonesia, 11(1), 45–59.
Suciadi, M., Purnomo, E. P., & Kasiwi, A. N. (2020). Eksternalitas Positif Tambang Batubara Terhadap Kesejahteraan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Jurnal Ilmiah Dinamika Sosial, 4(2), 267-285.
Suharto, R. B., Hilmawan, R., Yudaruddin, R., Ekonomi, F., Mulawarman, U., & Timur, K. (2015). Sumber Daya Alam Untuk Kesejahteraan Penduduk Lokal: Studi Analisis Dampak Pertambangan Batu Bara Di Empat Kecamatan Area Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia. Jurnal Organisasi Dan Manajemen, 2, 127-137.
Suriyani, B. B. (2019). Dampak Positif Aktivitas Pertambangan Nikel Terhadap Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Di Kecamatan Tinanggea Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Journal Publicuho, 2(1), 58-64.
Suryani, A., Wahyuni, S., & Rizal, J. (2021). Economic Impacts of Coal Mining on Local Communities in East Kalimantan. Journal of Environmental Economics, 12(3), 45-60.
Susilo, & Trisilia, M. (2024). Interregional Labor Migration and Its Role in Shaping Economic Growth: A Case Study of Casual Worker Migrants in Indonesia. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 12(1), e2218.
Wahyudi, D. & Pratama, R. (2022). Land Conflicts and Environmental Degradation in Mining Areas. Indonesian Journal of Social Studies, 8(2), 112-130.
Wicaksono, A., & Pratama, Y. (2023). Dampak Industri Pertambangan terhadap Dinamika Kependudukan di Kutai Timur: Studi Kasus Migrasi ke Sangatta. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 12(2), 145-160.
Wicaksono, B., et al. (2022). Geomorphic Impact of Coal Mining in Tropical Regions: Case Study of East Kalimantan. Journal of Environmental Geology, 45(3), 112–129.
Wijaya, T., Susanto, H., & Kurnia, D. (2020). Dampak Pertambangan Batubara terhadap Ekonomi dan Lingkungan di Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Alam.8(2). 134-150.
World Health Organization. (2018). Air pollution and child health: Prescribing clean air. Geneva: WHO Press.
Zhao, L., & Chen, H. (2024). Risk Perception and Public Response to Industrial Developments: The Case of Mining Communities. Risk Analysis, 44(3), 489-504.
Copyright (c) 2025 Febriana Ludia, Blesscia Senia Fermita, Dina Hayati Putri, Dewi Rahmawati

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.